Enabling Technologies for Enhancing Power System Resiliency by Wide Area Measurement Protective and Control Systems

Date: Wednesday, May 25                              Time: 2:50 pm – 4:20 pm (CEST)

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Name of the organizer: Alfredo Vaccaro, University of Sannio and Giorgio M. Giannuzzi, Terna SpA, Italy

Email: vaccaro@unisannio.it

Short biography of the chair:
Alfredo Vaccaro (Senior Member, IEEE) received the M.Sc. (Hons.) degree in electronic engineering from the University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineer- ing from the University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. From 1999 to 2002, he was an Assistant Researcher with the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Salerno. From March 2002 to October 2015, he was an Assistant Professor of electric power systems with the Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy, where he is currently an Associate Professor of electrical power system. His research interests include soft computing and interval-based method applied to power system analysis, and advanced control architectures for diagnostic and protection of distribution networks. Prof. Vaccaro is Associate Editor of the IEEE trans. on Power Systems, IEEE trans. on Smart Grids, and he is the Chair of the IEEE PES Awards and Recognition Committee.
Giorgio M. Giannuzzi received the degree in electric engineering from the University of Rome. Till December 2000, he worked with ABB, where he was in charge of network studies, protection, and control applications, with special reference to RTU apparatus and data engineering issues. Since 2001, he has been working with TERNA as an Expert in defense plans/systems, dynamic studies, protection, telecontrol, and substation automation. From 2004 to 2011, he coordinated the study, design, and activation of Wide Area Defense system (including interruptible customers system) and a Wide Area Monitoring System. In addition under his guidance, the main security Energy Management Systems were designed and coded, they are actually in use with the National Control Centre (optimal power flow security and market constrained, optimal reactive power flow, dynamic security assessment tool, dynamic and static security verification software, and operator training simulator). He supervised the revision of main Italian Grid Code technical enclosures (primary and secondary frequency regulation, load shedding, protection and automation, and defense plans). Till 2009, he was a member of the UCTE Expert Group on power system stability. In 2010, he joined the ENTSO-E System Protection and Dynamics Group. Starting from 2014, he is the Convener, coordinating the European evaluation over dispersed generation impact on system security and load shedding guidelines. He is currently responsible for the Engineering Department of National Dispatching Centre.

Panel Abstract: In order to increase power system resilience, wide area monitoring protection and control techniques are being increasingly applied to monitor power systems. Based on measured data smart algorithms are also applied by means of which, decisions will timely take place to protect power systems and to avoid large blackouts. In this panel, the latest experience from manufacturers, specialists and academia will be presented on different Wide area monitoring strategies, and how they can be applied to obtain safe and resilient grid in system with low inertia. A special attention will be given to blackout prevention methodologies by using synchrophasors and some results on disturbance detection by applying synchrophasors and pattern recognition techniques will be presented.

Panelist 1:

Name: Damir Novosel

Organization: Quanta Technology, USA

Email: DNovosel@quanta-technology.com

Short biography: Damir Novosel (Fellow, IEEE) received the B.S., degree from the University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the M. Sc. degree from the University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, and the Ph.D. degree from Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA, respectively, all in electrical engineering.,He is the President of Quanta Technology, Raleigh, NC, USA, a subsidiary of Quanta Services. He was a Vice President of ABB Automation Products, and a President of KEMA T&D, Chalfont, PA, USA. He has authored or coauthored more than 100 articles in transactions, journals, and proceedings. He holds 16 U.S. and international patents, and has led or participated in numerous IEEE standards, publications, and other initiatives, such as keynotes and panels.,Dr. Novosel was elected to the National Academy of Engineers in 2014 and was the President of the IEEE Power and Energy Society. He is also a member of the CIGRE US National Committee and was the recipient of the CIGRE Attwood Associate and Distinguished Service awards. He is currently a member of the IEEE Standards Board and chairs IEEE Industry Technical Support Leadership Committee.

Title of presentation: Importance of Synchronized Measurements to Address Changing Electrical Power Delivery

Abstract: Power grids have become more complex to plan and operate. With grid changes arise new challenges: renewable generation, energy conservation, electric vehicles, energy storage, and load growth. Challenges facing the electric industry today include balancing capacity, reliability, economics, environmental, and other public objectives. Recent cascading outages have demonstrated the challenges faced when operating a system near its limits. These outages over the last few years have had large social and economic impacts. In this complex scenario the large-scale deployment of advanced measurement and monitoring system has led to increased operational knowledge and a foundation for improved reliability. The advances gained from understanding real-time monitoring will lead to increased efficiency of the modern grid. In this context, this talk discusses novel synchrophasor-based approaches that integrate protection, control, and monitoring using high-performance computing, and concludes with a discussion on emerging and future technologies for improving the resiliency of a sustainable grid.

Panelist 2:

Name: Kwok Cheung

Organization: GE Digital, USA

Short biography: Kwok W. Cheung (S’87–M’91–SM’98–F’14) received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA, in 1991,He joined GE Grid Solutions (formerly ALSTOM Grid Inc.) in 1991 and is currently the Director R&D of Network Management Solutions focusing on innovation and technology. His current interests include electricity market design and implementation, smart grid, renewable energy integration, energy forecasting, power system stability and microgrid. Dr. Cheung has been a registered Professional Engineer of the State of Washington since 1994.

Title of presentation: WAMS technologies and stability applications for low Inertia Grids

Abstract: Due to the growing capacity of variable renewable generation, the operation of the power grid is continuing to grow in complexity. This has led to a massive displacement of traditional synchronous power generation with high rotational Inertia, by more distributed inverter-based renewable energy generation in modern grids. Transmission system operators (TSO) and independent system operators (ISO) around the world now require enhanced visibility and understanding of the power system to deliver fast-acting response services for maintaining system reliability and dynamic security. Development of phasor measurement unit (PMU) technology, which provides synchronous timestamp, high-resolution data not previously available in traditional SCADA, has given utilities the ability to implement wide area measurement system (WAMS) techniques for assessment and control of power system stability. WAMS is an augmented key subsystem in advanced energy management systems (AEMS) to complement the traditional model-based approach based on time-domain simulation and energy analysis. This talk presents a holistic framework of WAMS within AEMS and provides an overview of the state-of-art WAMS technologies. Some advanced and emerging applications related to WAMS and system stability for control centers are highlighted with illustrated use cases.

Panelist 3:

Name: Kenta Kirihara

Organization: Hitachi, Japan

Short biography: Kenta Kirihara is with Hitachi Ltd., Development Group, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki, Japan

Title of presentation: The Importance of Reliable Data on WAMPAC and How Data Reliability Can Be Improved

Abstract: The large scale pervasion of Phasor Measurement Units allows acquiring and storing large quantity of synchrophasor data. However, the efforts to process these massive data-sets to meet very high operator trust expectations has been challenging. This talk analyzes the effects of synchrophasor data quality in the Trustworthy Cyber Infrastructure for the Power Grid project, and the enabling technologies aimed at improving the resilience of WAMPACs to imprecise and uncoherent data.

Panelist 4:

Name: Evangelos Farantatos

Organization: EPRI, USA

Email: efarantatos@epri.com

Short biography: Evangelos Farantatos received the Diploma in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece, in 2006 and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, in 2009 and 2012, respectively. He is a Senior Project Manager with the Grid Operations and Planning R&D Group at EPRI, Palo Alto, CA. He is managing and leading the technical work of various R&D projects related to synchrophasor technology, power systems monitoring and control, power systems stability and dynamics, renewable energy resources modeling, grid operation and protection with high levels of inverter-based resources. He is a Senior Member of IEEE. In summer 2009, he was an intern at MISO

Title of presentation: Hierarchical Decentralized Frequency Control in Inverter Dominated Grids

Abstract: With the increasing number of inverter based resources (IBRs) and the displacement of synchronous generators that have been traditionally performing frequency control, renewable energy resources are expected to perform such controls in the future. Frequency control of IBR dominated grids needs to be automatic and fast. The reason is the expected faster system dynamics and potential stability issues that can manifest in a short time in which operator action might not be feasible. Further, local active controls are needed to respond to such fast changes. The reason is that with traditional centralized controls, the time required for monitored data to reach the control center, systems to detect a reliability threat, and control action to be determined and implemented may be too long for the issue at hand. Furthermore, the control system needs to have a wide-area visibility to ensure secure and efficient operation of local controls. The implementation of such controllers requires high resolution measurements which may not be provided by today’s SCADA systems, thus necessitating a more advanced monitoring technology. Towards this goal, this talk analyzes a decentralized hierarchical control architecture that takes advantage of the fast control capabilities of IBRs and the highresolution synchronized measurements provided by Phasor-Measurement Unit (PMU) technology. The hierarchical architecture comprises a combination of local-distributed and wide area-central controllers to achieve secure and efficient operation. Such a hierarchy allows the local controllers to quickly mitigate local disturbances while the central controller coordinates the local controllers and provides them with wide area visibility. Such a controller facilitates transition from the centralized control paradigm of today’s power system with EMS and SCADA towards a hierarchical decentralized control paradigm to address potential reliability issues of an IBR dominated power system. The presentation will summarize the development of the proposed control architecture, simulation case studies using a benchmark test system, and validation using real-time Hardware-Inthe- Loop (HIL) tests.

Panelist 5:

Name: Cosimo Pisani

Organization: Terna, Italy

Short biography: Cosimo Pisani was born in Benevento, Italy, in 1985. He received the M.Sc. degree with honors in Energy Engineering from the University of Sannio, Benevento, in 2010 and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Naples “Federico II,” Naples, Italy, in 2014. During his PhD in collaboration with Terna, the Italian Transmission System Operator, he investigated some dynamic stability issues of large interconnected power system such as the European one (i.e. European Network of Transmission System Operator). From May 2014 to March 2016 he was Research Fellow at University of Sannio. From March 2016 he is with Terna. Currently, he is head of Stability and Network Calculations at Dispatching and Switching Department. He is project manager or however directly involved in several project covering network stability studies, real time algorithm and tool development for monitoring and control of electrical power systems, design of Special Protection Schemes to counteract instability phenomena, High Voltage Direct Current systems. He is the author or coauthor of over 60 scientific papers published in reviewed journals and presented at international and national conferences. His research interests include the applications of dynamic stability of power systems, Wide Area Monitoring and Protection systems, Special Integrity Protection Schemes, High Voltage Direct Current Systems, Power system restoration. He is leader of WAMS task force within ENTSO-E System Protection and Dynamic group as well as member of CIGRE C2.17 working group Wide Area Monitoring Systems – Support for Control Room Applications and currently member of the CIGRE C2.18 working group Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Systems – Decision Support for System Operators.

Title of presentation: Oscillations Damping Control using Measurement Derived Transfer Function Model – Terna Applicative Case Study

Abstract: Oscillation damping controllers are usually designed and tuned based on the power system circuit model around a particular operating point using offline simulations. The limitations of this approach are that a) the accuracy of the control design depends on the accuracy of the power system dynamic model which is limited by its size and its complexity and b) the actual operating conditions are constantly changing rendering the design of the control optimal only for specific conditions. The increasing deployment of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) makes it possible to derive a measurement-based transfer function model describing the input and output relationships within a power system. The measurement-based transfer function model can represent power system oscillatory behavior and can be used for control design. The advantage of this approach is that the measurement-based model doesn’t rely on the circuit model of each component and can be updated in real time to reflect the changes in power system operating conditions. Terna and EPRI worked together in the past years to design and validate a wide-area damping controller (WADC) using a measurement-driven transfer function. Then the WADC was implemented on a generic-purpose hardware platform (Compact RIO) and tested in a hardware-inthe- loop (HIL) setup, where the ENTSOE model was emulated on a real-time digital simulator (i.e. OPAL-RT). Realistic operating conditions were emulated to evaluate the performance of the WADC including random time measurement delays, data package loss, measurement noise, and multiple PMUs as backup. At the current stage the project is in the field implementation, deployment and demonstration by using as actuators two augmented inertia synchronous condensers installed in two Terna substations.